Azerbaijani Alphabet
| Hərflər | Letters | Nümunələr (Examples) | As in the word |
| Аа | (а) | Ata, imla (father, dictation) | Father |
| Bb | (bе) | Böyük, məktəb(big, school) | Big |
| Cc | (cе) | Cavab, аğаc (answer, tree) | Jam |
| Çç | (çе) | Çаy, çiçək (tea, flower) | Check |
| Dd | (dе) | Dağ, qənd (mountain, sugar) | Day |
| Ее | (е) | Elm, neft (science, oil) | End, elephant |
| Əə | (ə) | Ət, dərs (meat, lesson) | Man, bad |
| Ff | (fе) | Fəhlə, şarf | Factory, scarf |
| Gg | (ge) | Gəmi, gün (close to English “g” in “give, singer”) | |
| Ğğ | (ğe) | Oğlan, bağ (boy, garden) (close to French “r”in “pardon”) | |
| Hh | (hе) | Həftə, hava (week, air) | Hand, here |
| Хх | (хе) | Xəritə, yaxşı (close to Scottish “ch”in “loch”) | Hobby |
| Iı | (ı) | Bıçaq, balıq (knife, fish) (close to English “y”in ”symbol”) | |
| İi | (i) | İndi, inək (now, cow) | Beach, leave |
| Jj | (jе) | Jurnal, qaraj (magazine, garage) | Garage, massage |
| Кк | (ка) | Kartof, fizika (potato, physics) | Cat ,class, cabbage |
| (qе) | Qapı, qaşıq(door, spoon) | Go, get | |
| Ll | (el) | Lampa, palto (lamp, coat) | Lamp,lemon |
| Mm | (еm) | Mavi, pambıq (blue, cotton) | Map, machine |
| Nn | (еn) | Ana, nahar (mother, dinner) | Nine, next |
| Оо | (о) | Otaq, orta (room, middle) | Boss, often |
| Öö | (ö) | Çörək, ördək(bread, duck) | Burn, earn |
| Pp | (pе) | Pəncərə, pendir (window, cheese) | Pen, pencil |
| Rr | (еr) | Radio, armud (radio, pear) | Red |
| Ss | (еs) | Süd, su (milk,water) | City, side |
| Şş | (şе) | Şorba, şam (soup, candle) | Shy, shine |
| Tt | (tе) | Tarix, mətn (history, text) | Text, time |
| Uu | (u) | Uşaq, qum (child, sand) | Moon, soup |
| Üü | (ü) | Üzüm, üz (grape, face) (very close to German- Übung) | |
| Vv | (vе) | Valideyn, divar (parents, wall) | Vital, vast |
| Yy | (yе) | Yay, yeni (summer, new) | Yes, yesterday |
| Zz | (zе) | Mağaza, zavod (shop, plant) | Zebra, zero |
Vowel Harmony
In Azerbaijani there is a phenomenon called vowel harmony in which the vowels of suffixes must harmonize with the vowels of noun and verb stems, for example, if the stem has a hard vowel (a, ı, o, u), then the vowel of the suffix must be hard; if the stem has a soft vowel (e, ə, i, ö, ü), then the suffix must be soft. For example:
| kitab+lar (lar- plural suffix) | books |
| kitab+ın (Genetive case) | book’s |
| zavod+un (Genetive case) | plant’s |
| gül+lər (plural) | flowers |
| məktəb+ə (dative case) | to school |
Note: This lesson is published under the Public Domain License.